See how baseband units are located in a centralized control and processing station, or BBU hotel, that connects to the network using high-speed optical fiber in C-RAN architecture. This separation enables the RAN to be more flexible, accommodating the network functions virtualization techniques, such as network slicing and high MIMO, that are necessary for 5G. The RAN controller can exchange one set of user data messages through a software-defined networking switch and a second set through a control-based interface. Today, RAN architecture divides the user plane and the control plane into separate elements. In particular, the introduction of C-RAN has split the radios and antennas from the baseband controller to adapt better to the modern demands of mobile devices. With the advent of 4G LTE and an all-IP network, the layout of the radio access network has changed. The RAN's network controller - which manages radio resources, mobility and data encryption - connects to the circuit-switched core network and the packet-switched core network, depending on the type of RAN. In second generation (2G) and third generation (3G) RAN architecture, the RAN controller manages the nodes connected to it. A single handset or phone could be connected at the same time to multiple RANs, sometimes called dual-mode handsets. A handset or other device is wirelessly connected to the backbone, or core network, and the RAN sends its signal to various wireless endpoints so it can travel with traffic from other networks. The radio access network antenna receives information from user equipment and sends it to the core network via the baseband units.Ī RAN provides access to and coordinates the management of resources across the radio sites. BBU processing detects errors, secures the wireless signal and ensures that wireless resources are used effectively. NETWORK SPEED READER CODETraditional baseband uses custom electronics combined with multiple lines of code to enable wireless communication, typically using the licensed radio spectrum. Baseband units ( BBUs ) provide a set of signal processing functions that make wireless communication possible.Radios transform digital information into signals that can be sent wirelessly and ensure that transmissions are in the correct frequency bands with the right power levels.Antennas convert electrical signals into radio waves.Silicon chips in both the core network and the user equipment provide RAN functionality.Ī RAN is made up of three essential elements: RAN components include base stations and antennas that cover a specific region, depending on their capacity. The types of user equipment using these networks have drastically increased, including all types of vehicles, drones and internet of things devices. Since the first cellular networks were introduced, the capabilities of RAN have expanded to include voice calls, text messaging, and video and audio streaming. Now, with LTE Advanced and 5G, improvements are coming in the form of centralized RAN, also called cloud RAN (C-RAN), and multiple antenna arrays, such as multiple input, multiple output ( MIMO). With 4G, system connectivity for the first time was based on the Internet Protocol ( IP), replacing the previous circuit-based networks. With the development of fourth generation (4G) technology in the 2000s, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project introduced Long-Term Evolution ( LTE) RAN, and the radio access network and the core network changed significantly. RANs have evolved from the first generation (1G) to the fifth generation ( 5G) of cellular networking. A cell is served by at least one radio transceiver, although the standard is typically three for cell sites. A cellular network is made up of land areas called cells. The RAN, which is sometimes also called the access network, is the radio element of the cellular network. That link goes to the core network, which manages subscriber information, location and more. The RAN links user equipment, such as a cellphone, computer or any remotely controlled machine, over a fiber or wireless backhaul connection. A radio access network (RAN) is a major component of a wireless telecommunications system that connects individual devices to other parts of a network through a radio link.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |